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Vol.15, No.3, August 2026. ISSN: 2217-8309 eISSN: 2217-8333
TEM Journal
TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION, MANAGEMENT, INFORMATICS Association for Information Communication Technology Education and Science |
Indicators of Product Lifespan in a Circular Economy Framework for a Secondary Education Food Waste Management Course
Norzaharah Ab Hamid, Fathiyah Mohd Kamaruzaman, Mohamad Zuber Abd Majid, Nik Afiqah Kamil
© 2026 Fathiyah Mohd Kamaruzaman, published by UIKTEN. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Citation Information: TEM Journal. Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 2888-2897, ISSN 2217-8309, DOI: 10.18421/TEM153-72, August 2026.
Received: 16 August 2025.
Abstract:
Extending product lifespan is vital in the circular economy, and integrating these concepts into secondary education supports the Sustainable Development Goals. This study identifies key indicators for teachers to promote product lifespan within the circular economy framework, with their significance assessed through a literature review and the Modified Delphi Technique (MDT). The MDT analysis involved 13 experts who participated in two rounds. Through the first round of MDT, the response rate of the experts was 100%, resulting in the acceptance of 41 indicators, while 3 did not reach consensus. Of these, 19 indicators received suggestions for amendments. The second round also achieved a 100% response rate, during which the 41 indicators were resent with the suggested changes incorporated. Out of these, 32 indicators were accepted, while 9 items were deleted due to a lack of consensus. The study’s findings reveal a total of 32 indicators, categorized into 5 dimensions: 6 items for reuse indicator, 7 items each for repair, refurbish, and remanufacture indicator, and 5 items for repurpose indicator. The results highlight the importance of incorporating these activities into TVET education to promote sustainability.
Keywords – Indicator, product lifespan, circular economy education, Modified Delphi Technique, food waste management. |
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