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Vol.15, No.3, August 2026. ISSN: 2217-8309 eISSN: 2217-8333
TEM Journal
TECHNOLOGY, EDUCATION, MANAGEMENT, INFORMATICS Association for Information Communication Technology Education and Science |
Application of an Electronic Cane for Blind People - Analysis and Evaluation
Denitsa Dimitrova, Aneliya Manukova, Iovan Stoev
© 2026 Aneliya Manukova, published by UIKTEN. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Citation Information: TEM Journal. Volume 15, Issue 3, Pages 2187-2200, ISSN 2217-8309, DOI: 10.18421/TEM153-13, August 2026.
Received: 01 August 2025.
Abstract:
This study examines various methods, criteria, and technological approaches used to evaluate parameters associated with the mobility of individuals with disabilities, with particular emphasis on the development of an electronic guidance and monitoring system integrated into a cane for visually impaired users. The proposed engineering solution includes an electronic module based on an ESP32-S3 microcontroller, tested in laboratory and real conditions. Methods for determining distance and signal processing have been analyzed, and a methodology for creating algorithms for working with the HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensors and the TF-LUNA infrared sensor has been developed. The influence of the mounting angle on the measurement accuracy with the infrared sensor has been studied, and the measurement process has been modeled with an emphasis on error assessment and minimization. The results obtained confirm the effectiveness of ultrasonic scanning in avoiding obstacles in the course of movement. Criteria for reliability and accuracy of measurements are presented, as well as an algorithm for processing sensor data using regression models, providing adaptive user guidance through tactile or sound feedback. In conclusion, a structural and principal diagram of a comprehensive electronic system to support the orientation and safety of blind people in an urban environment has been synthesized.
Keywords – Cane, electronic control system, blind people, ultrasonic sensors, infrared sensor. |
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